International Humanitarian Law Part 5 in the United States

72
Special Issue – International Humanitarian Law—Celebrating the 60th Anniversary of the Geneva Conventions
Nordic Journal of International Law
Volume 78, Number 4, 2009 LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW

73
Customary International Humanitarian Law: Taking SLaw Journal / Law Reviewk of the ICRC Study
Jean-Marie Henckaerts
Nordic Journal of International Law
Volume 78, Number 4, 2009    p.435 LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW

74
It Is all in the Process: Reflections on the Relation between International Criminal Trials and International Humanitarian Law
Frederik Harhoff
Nordic Journal of International Law
Volume 78, Number 4, 2009    p.469 LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW

75
Compliance with International Humanitarian Law in Multinational Peace Operations
Ola Engdahl
Nordic Journal of International Law
Volume 78, Number 4, 2009    p.513 LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW

76
From Cold War to Hotspots — The Changing Needs for Dissemination of International Humanitarian Law in Sweden
Cecilia Hellman, Kristina Lindvall
Nordic Journal of International Law
Volume 78, Number 4, 2009    p.527 LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW

77
The EU Guidelines on Promoting Compliance with International Humanitarian Law
Pål Wrange
Nordic Journal of International Law
Volume 78, Number 4, 2009    p.541 LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW

78
THE GAZA WAR OF 2009: APPLYING INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW TO ISRAEL AND HAMAS
Justus Reid Weiner & Avi Bell
San Diego International Law Journal
Volume 11, Number 1, Fall 2009    p.5 LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW

79
National implementation of international humanitarian law
International Review of the Red Cross
Volume 91, Number 875, September 2009    p.627-642 LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW

80
SYMPOSIUM ON COMPLEMENTING INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW: EXPLORING THE NEED FOR ADDITIONAL NORMS TO GOVERN CONTEMPORARY CONFLICT SITUATIONS
Israel Law Review
Volume 42, Number 1, 2009 LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW

81
Pragmatism and Principle in International Humanitarian Law
Michael M. Lieberman
Israel Law Review
Volume 42, Number 1, 2009    p.150 LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW

82
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW: CURRENT AND INHERENT CHALLENGES
Marco Sassòli
Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law
Volume 10, 2007    p.45-73 LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW

83
Elizabeth Wilmshurst and Susan Breau (eds), Perspectives on the ICRC Study on Customary International Humanitarian Law
British Year Book of International Law
Volume 79, 2008    p.371 LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW

84
Dieter Fleck (ed), The Handbook of International Humanitarian Law, Second Edition
British Year Book of International Law
Volume 79, 2008    p.371 LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW

85
European Union Guidelines on Promoting Compliance with International Humanitarian Law (IHL)
Palestine Yearbook of International Law
Volume 14, 2006/2007    p.311 LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW

86
INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW
Sri Lanka Journal of International Law
Volume 20, Number 2, 2008 LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW

87
International humanitarian law
Commonwealth Law Bulletin
Volume 35, Number 4, 2009 LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW

88
International humanitarian law in the Commonwealth
Aldo Zammit Borda
Commonwealth Law Bulletin
Volume 35, Number 4, 2009    p.719 LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW

89
Commonwealth countries’ national legislation on international humanitarian law-Annual update on national legislation-2009
Commonwealth Law Bulletin
Volume 35, Number 4, 2009    p.735-737 LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW

90
Prisoners of War: A Comparative Study of the Principles of International Humanitarian Law and the Islamic Law of War
Murphy, Ray; El Zeidy, Mohamed M.
International Criminal Law Review
Volume 9, Number 4, 2009    p.623-649 LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW

91
Can we prevent doctors being complicit in torture? Breaking the serpent’s egg
Mike O’Connor
Journal of Law and Medicine
Volume 17, Number 3, December 2009    p.426 LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW
A significant minority of the tortured prisoners who survive report that a doctor was present during their torture. Yet few medical practitioners are ever criminally prosecuted or even disciplined by their regulatory bodies. Can such gross violations of the Hippocratic Code be so easily ignored or are these doctors carefully shielded from detection and prosecution by a grateful state? Mostly doctors act to vet prisoners for their capacity to withstand the torture or resuscitate them to allow torture and interrogation to continue. However, on occasion, the “healers” may be the actual torturers as happened in Russian psychoprisons in the latter part of the 20th century. This article argues that the de facto immunity which complicit doctors currently appear to enjoy must be stripped away and replaced by effective processes to detect and then prosecute criminal behaviour. This will require widespread reporting of cases and action by international bodies, including non-government organisations. Prevention is clearly preferable and this will require improvements in undergraduate and graduate medical education about international humanitarian and human rights law. There is evidence that many medical faculties pay scant attention to this education and their students graduate with serious flaws in their understanding and attitudes towards human rights. Education should target “doctors at risk” in prisons, armed forces and the police. It should address professional behaviour which tolerates or even protects cultures of abuse. A code of professional conduct would assist “doctors at risk” to resist overtures for them to become complicit in torture. Medical Practice Acts should include statements on respecting human rights when defining good professional conduct. Doctors who become complicit in torture betray their profession. Swift action should be taken to stop such abuses and perpetrators should receive strong disciplinary action from regulatory bodies.

92
Various mechanisms and approaches for implementing international humanitarian law and protecting and assisting war victims
Toni Pfanner
International Review of the Red Cross
Volume 91, Number 874, June 2009    p.279-328 LAW JOURNAL / LAW REVIEW