Tag: Judicial Organization
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United States Court Of Appeals
The intermediate appellate court of the federal judicial system. The U.S. Court of Appeals was established by Congress in 1891 to provide a first appellate review of cases brought from federal trial courts and certain administrative agencies. The objective was to decrease the number of cases […]
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Specialized Court
Specialized Court in the United States A court having narrow or highly focused jurisdiction. A specialized court is established to reduce the caseload of general jurisdiction courts and to heighten the expertise of judges working in a highly technical legal area. While specialized courts […]
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State Supreme Court
State Supreme Court in the United States The court of last resort in state judicial systems. Almost every state calls this court the supreme court although several have other names such as the supreme court of appeals. Regardless of name, this court functions as the final appellate authority […]
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Three-Judge District Court
Three-Judge District Court in the United States A special U.S. district court created to try certain kinds of cases. The Three-Judge District Court (Judicial Organization) was authorized in 1903 and was designed to hear Sherman Anti-trust and Interstate Commerce Act cases filed by the U.S. […]
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Territorial Court
Territorial Court in the United States Trial court established by Congress to function in U.S. territories. The Territorial Court (Judicial Organization)s are a unique form of specialized court, although they are part of the federal district court system. These courts handle all the federal […]
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Limited Jurisdiction Court
Limited Jurisdiction Court in the United States Trial court whose authority to act is restricted to particular categories or cases. Limited jurisdiction courts (also called Courts of Limited Jurisdiction) are the opposite of courts possessing general jurisdiction and may be referred to as […]
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Military Justice System
Military Justice System in the United States Court established for proceedings involving military personnel. The military justice system is provided for in the Code of Military Justice. The code also defines offenses and punishments, and it sets forth the procedural standards and due process […]
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Legislative Court
Legislative Court in the United States A court created by Congress under authority conveyed by Article I of the United States Constitution. A legislative court will function as a court, but it is also designed to perform functions not exclusively judicial in character. These courts are created […]
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Dual System
Dual System in the United States Refers to the parallel judicial structure located at the federal and state levels. The dual system for courts is an element of the American federalism where authority is divided between the two levels. Generally, the two judicial systems are separate. Each has […]
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Equity Jurisdiction
Equity Jurisdiction in the United States The power of a court to grant relief or remedy to a party seeking court assistance outside the principles of common law. Equity jurisdiction permits judgments based on perceptions of fairness that supplement common law doctrines. Relief is assistance […]
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Intermediate Appellate Court
Intermediate Appellate Court in the United States An appeals court structurally located between trial courts and a court of last resort. The jurisdiction and organization of intermediate appellate courts varies from state to state. Typically, these courts review decisions from the general […]
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Constitutional Court
Constitutional Court in the United States A court established under language contained in Article III of the federal constitution. Constitutional courts exercise judicial power granted from that article and are limited to the jurisdictional boundaries set forth there. Judges of constitutional […]
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Circuit Judicial Council
Circuit Judicial Council in the United States Entity designed to maximize the efficiency of federal courts within the geographic circuits. A circuit judicial council consists of the court of appeals judges from the circuit as well as a small number of district court judges. While council […]
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Judicial Organization
Judicial Organization in the United States The United States has a dual court system with multiple courts in each. That is, we divide the judicial functions between the federal government and the states. Within both the federal and state court systems, jurisdiction—a court’s power to […]