Welfare in the United States

Note: It is also used as the nickname for the old Aid for Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program, later renamed Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF).

Corporate Welfare

Corporate Welfare is the financial assistance given by the government to businesses.

Corporate welfare takes many forms, including cash transfers, tax breaks, loans, guarentees, etc. Estimates vary, but most place corporate welfare at many times the size of welfare. Despite its confusing name, corporate welfare is generally not needs based, but rather, in some cases, is determined by the political clout of the recipients.
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Concept of Welfare

In the U.S., in the context of Political Economy and Public Policy, Welfare has the following meaning: Government provision of benefits to qualifying individuals or organizations. (Source of this definition of Welfare : University of Texas)

Welfare

Welfare (Prisoner Rights)

This section introduces, discusses and describes the basics of welfare. Then, cross references and a brief overview about Prisoner Rights is provided. Finally, the subject of Civil Rights Law in relation with welfare is examined. Note that a list of cross references, bibliography and other resources appears at the end of this entry.

Finding the law: Welfare in the U.S. Code

A collection of general and permanent laws relating to welfare, passed by the United States Congress, are organized by subject matter arrangements in the United States Code (U.S.C.; this label examines welfare topics), to make them easy to use (usually, organized by legal areas into Titles, Chapters and Sections). The platform provides introductory material to the U.S. Code, and cross references to case law. View the U.S. Code’s table of contents here.

Resources

See Also

• Political Economy
• Public Policy

Resources

See Also

• Welfare Reform Law
• Health Care Law
• Health Insurance
• Welfare System
• Homeless Person
• Disability Insurance
• Children
• Welfare Reform
• Civilian Conservation Corps
• Job Corps
• Welfare Forms
• Medicare
• Medicaid
• New Deal
• Sheppard-Towner Maternity and Infancy Protection Act
• Welfare Fraud
• Social Security
• War on Poverty
• Child Welfare
• Early Welfare Programs
• Workers’ Compensation
• Works Progress Administration
• Welfare State
• Public Welfare
• Great Depression
• National Health Insurance
• American Indian Child Welfare Advisory Council
• Welfare Benefits
• Socialism
• Social Welfare Functions
• Welfare Rights
• Social Security Act Of 1935

Further Reading (Books)

Amenta, Edwin. Bold Relief: Institutional Politics and the Origins of Modern American Social Policy. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1998.

American Social History Project. Who Built America?: Working People and the Nation’s Economy, Politics, Culture, and Society. 2ded. 2 vols. New York: Worth, 2000.

Gordon, Linda, ed. Women, the State, and Welfare. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1990.

Gordon, Linda. Pitied but Not Entitled: Single Mothers and the History of Welfare, 1890_1935. New York: Free Press, 1994.

Katz, Michael B. The Undeserving Poor: From the War on Poverty to the War on Welfare. New York: Pantheon, 1989.

In the Shadow of the Poorhouse: A Social History of Welfare in America. Rev. ed. New York: Basic Books, 1996.

Levine, Daniel. Poverty and Society: The Growth of the American Welfare State in International Comparison. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1988.

Patterson, James T. America’s Struggle against Poverty in the Twentieth Century. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2000.

Piven, Francis Fox, and Richard A. Cloward. Regulating the Poor: The Function of Public Welfare. Updated ed. New York: Vintage, 1993.

Rodgers, Daniel T. Atlantic Crossings: Social Politics in a Progressive Age. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1998.

Skocpol, Theda. Protecting Soldiers and Mothers: The Political Origins of Social Policy in the United States. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1992.

Trattner, William I. From Poor Law to Welfare State: A History of Social Welfare in America. New York: Free Press, 1999.

DanielGeary

Further Reading (Books 2)

Colombo, Francesca, and Nicole Tapay. 2004. Private Health Insurance in OECD Countries: The Benefits and Costs for Individuals and Health Systems. OECD Health Working Paper No. 15. http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/34/56/33698043.pdf.

Esping-Anderson, Gosta. 1990. Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Feldman, Stanley, and John Zaller. 1992. The Political Culture of Ambivalence: Ideological Responses to the Welfare State. American Journal of Political Science 36 (1): 268_307.

Hacker, Jacob. 2006. Inequality, American Democracy, and American Political Science: The Need for Cumulative Research. PS: Political Science and Politics 39: 47_50.

Hancock, Ange-Marie. 2004. The Politics of Disgust: The Public Identity of the “Welfare Queen.” New York: New York University Press.

Lieberman, Robert. 2005. Shaping Race Policy: The United States in Comparative Perspective. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Pontusson, Jonah. 2006. The American Welfare State in Comparative Perspective: Reflections on Alberto Alesina and Edward L. Glaeser, Fighting Poverty in the US and Europe. Perspectives on Politics 4: 315_326.

Skocpol, Theda. 1995. Social Policy in the United States: Future Possibilities in Historical Perspective. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Vreeland, James Raymond. 2003. The IMF and Economic Development. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Ange-Marie Hancock

Hanemann, Michael. 1978. A Theoretical and Empirical Study of the Recreation Benefits of Improving Water Quality in the Boston Area. PhD diss. Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.

Hausman, Jerry. 1981. Exact Consumer’s Surplus and Deadweight Loss. American Economic Review 71: 662_676.

Hicks, John. 1939. The Foundations of Welfare Analysis. Economic Journal 49: 696_712.

Kaldor, Nicholas. 1939. Welfare Propositions of Economics and Interpersonal Comparisons of Utility. Economic Journal 49: 549_552.

Marshall, Alfred. 1930. Principles of Economics. London: Macmillan.

Sen, Amartya. 1998. The Possibility of Social Choice. American Economic Review 89: 349_378.

Willig, Robert. 1976. Consumer’s Surplus without Apology. American Economic Review 69: 589_597.

Daniel J. Phaneuf

Further Reading (Articles)

Welfare reform gets $1 billion push, Tri-State Defender; February 10, 1999

Welfare “Cuts”?, The American Enterprise; November 1, 1997; Payne, James L.

Welfare Incentives That Aid Marriages, The Washington Times (Washington, DC); November 28, 2000; Horn, Wade F.

Welfare; Welfare plan emphasizes work What’s the best way to help parents on welfare find a job and keep it? Minnesota will unveil its answer soon – namely, a new state welfare system designed to meet the tough federal rules, but with compassion.(NEWS), Star Tribune (Minneapolis, MN); December 26, 1996; Hopfensperger, Jean

WELFARE LAWS TO COST COUNTY $6.62 MILLION, The Buffalo News (Buffalo, NY); November 9, 1996; SUSAN SCHULMAN – News Staff Reporter

“Welfare Mothers” Welcome Reform, Urge Compassion, Family Relations; April 1, 1999; Seccombe, Karen Walters, Kimberly Battle James, Delores

Welfare dependence within and across generations., Science; January 29, 1988; Duncan, Greg J.

Welfare Changes Draw Fire: House Proposals Would `Gut’ Reform, Governor Says, The Washington Times (Washington, DC); June 17, 1997; Wetzstein, Cheryl

Welfare Recipients: How Do They Become Independent?, Social Work Research; September 1, 2002; Cheng, Tyrone

Welfare Is Not for Sale: Campaigns against Welfare Profiteers in Milwaukee, Social Justice; September 22, 2006; Reese, Ellen Giedraitis, Vincent R. Vega, Eric

Welfare Reform, Health Insurance, and Health, NBER Reporter; December 22, 2003; Kaestner, Robert

Welfare Returns and Temporary Time Limits: A Proportional Hazard Model, Social Work Research; March 1, 2007; Albert, Vicky N. King, William C. Iaci, Ross

Welfare isn’t helping children.(Originated from Knight-Ridder/Tribune News Service), Knight Ridder/Tribune News Service; December 15, 1995

WELFARE REFORM EFFORT FACES FIVE-YEAR REVIEW, The Columbian (Vancouver, WA); August 22, 2001; LAURA MECKLER, Associated Press writer

WELFARE-TO-WORK PROGRAM YIELDS MIXED RESULTS, The Columbian (Vancouver, WA); May 2, 2002; HOWARD BUCK, Columbian staff writer

Welfare reform hits home in Lawrence Residents express hope, fear over law, The Boston Globe (Boston, MA); February 11, 1995; Don Aucoin, Globe Staff

Welfare cases rise in 75% of states, The Charleston Gazette (Charleston, WV); December 31, 2002; Laura Meckler

Welfare Reform: Is It Working?, The Crisis; January 1, 2007; Gaines, Patrice

WELFARE REFORM EXPERT TESTIFIES BEFORE HOUSE REPUBLICAN POLICY COMMITTEE, US Fed News Service, Including US State News; March 5, 2007

From welfare rolls to roles in workforce, Sunday News Lancaster, PA; July 8, 2007; Helen Colwell Adams

Categorical Logic in the International Business Landscape

Definition of Categorical Logic in the context of U.S. international business and public trade policy: A welfare policy logic where a government action may be invoked when an accredited government agency must first find that a client belongs to a category eligible for government service or assistance, such as being poor, disabled, unemployed, or elderly, before receiving public assistance.