Transnational crime in the United States

From a criminological perspective, the concept of ‘transnational crime’ originates from the mid-1970s when the United Nations used the term in order to identify certain criminal activities which transcend national jurisdictions. In 1995, the United Nations identified eighteen categories of transnational – and mostly organized – criminality. Transnational crime was then defined as ‘offences whose inception, prevention and/or direct or indirect effects involved more than one country.’ (UN Doc. A.CONF. 169/15/Add.1 (1995)). The crimes listed included ,among others, money laundering, terrorist activities, theft of art and cultural objects, theft of intellectual property, illicit arms trafficking, aircraft hijacking, sea piracy, insurance fraud, computer crime, environmental crime, trafficking in persons, trade in human body parts, illicit drug trafficking, fraudulent bankruptcy, infiltration of legal business, corruption and bribery of public or party officials.

Transnational crime Bibliography
Reference works

Ralph D. Clifford et al. (eds.), Cybercrime : The Investigation, Prosecution and Defense of a Computer-related Crime (3rd ed.), 2011
Philip Reichel (ed.), Handbook of Transnational Crime and Justice, 2005
Aaron Fichtelberg, Crime Without Borders : An Introduction to International Criminal Justice, 2008
Sesha Kethineni (ed.), Comparative and International Policing, Justice, and Transnational Crime, 2010
Tom Obokata, Transnational Organised Crime in International Law, 2010

Bibliographies
Periodicals and Serial Publications
Books

CURRIE, R.J., International & Transnational Criminal Law, Toronto : Irwin Law, 2010
FICHTELBERG, A., Crime without Borders : an Introduction to International Criminal Justice, Upper Saddle River, NJ etc. : Pearson Education, 2008
KETHINENI, S. (ed.), Comparative and International Policing, Justice, and Transnational Crime, Durham, NC : Carolina Academic Press, 2010
LETSCHERT, R. (ed.), The New Faces of Victimhood : Globalization, Transnational Crimes and Victim Rights, Dordrecht etc. : Springer, 2011
LUBAN, D., J. O’SULLIVAN and D.P.STEWART (eds.), International and Transnational Criminal law, Austin, TX etc. : Wolters Kluwer Law & Business, 2010
MANDEL, R., Dark logic : Transnational Criminal Tactics and Global Security, Stanford, CA : Stanford University Press, 2011
OKUBO, S. (ed.), Human Security, Transnational Crime and Human Trafficking : Asian and Western Perspectives, London etc. : Routledge, 2011
PAPANICOLAU, G., Transnational Policing and Sex Trafficking in Southeast Europe : Policing the Imperialist Chain, Basingstoke etc. : Palgrave Macmillan, 2011
REICHEL, P. (ed.), Handbook of Transnational Crime & Justice, Thousand Oaks, CA etc. : Sage Publications, 2005
STOECKER, S. and L.SHELLEY (eds.), Human Traffic and Transnational Crime : Eurasian and American perspectives, Lanham, MD etc. : Rowman & Littlefield, 2005
WHITE, R., Transnational Environmental Crime : Toward an Eco-Global Criminology, New York, NY etc. : Routledge, 2011
WILLIAMS, P. and D. VLASSIS (eds.), Combating Transnational Crime : Concepts, Activities and Responses, London etc. : Frank Cass, 2001

Articles

BOISTER, N., “‘Transnational criminal law’? “, 14 European Journal of International Law (2003), pp. 953-976
GASPAR, R., “Tackling International Crime : Forward into the Third Era”, in: Combating International Crime : the Longer Arm of the Law, London etc. : Routledge-Cavendish, 2008, pp. 8-28
KNEEBONE, S. and J. DELJAK, “Combating Transnational Crime in the Greater Mekong Subregion : the Cases of Laos and Cambodia”, in: Trafficking and Human Rights : European and Asia-Pacific Perspectives, Cheltenham etc. : Elgar (2010), pp. 133-152
MATIASEK, H. and T. PANKRATZ, “Developing a Comprehensive Understanding of Transnational Organized Crime by Applying a Constructivist Approach”, in : Hybrid and Cyber War as Consequences of the Asymmetry, Frankfurt am Main : Lang, 2011, pp. 225-246.
MUELLER, G.O.W., “Transnational Crime : Definitions and Concepts’, in: Combatting Transnational Crime, London etc. : Frank Cass, 2001, pp. 13-21
SCHLOENHARDT, A., “Transnational Organized Crime and International Criminal Law”, in: International Criminal Law, Leiden : Nijhoff , 2008, pp. 939-962

Documents

United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and its Protocols
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, The Globalization of Crime : a Transnational Organized Crime Threat Assessment, Geneva : UNODC, 2010