Senate Leadership in the United States Senate: What the Senate Does: Leadership Introduction to Senate Leadership As in the House of Representatives, power in the Senate is generally distributed according to the seniority system, in which political parties appoint their members to committee […]
Juvenile Justice in the United States Introduction Youth under the age of 18 who are accused of committing a delinquent or criminal act are typically processed through a juvenile justice system. States, however, have the right to set lower age thresholds for processing youth through the […]
Legislative History of the Tax-Exempt Sector in the United States The structure of tax exemption granted to the charitable and voluntary sector outlined in the United States Tax Code was developed through legislation enacted between 1894 and 1969. Over that 75-year period, Congress […]
Treaty with the New York Indians in the United States Treaty made with the representatives of the Nations of New York Indians (January 15 1838): As presented, articles of a treaty made at Buffalo Creek in the State of New York, January 15, 1838, by Ransom Gillet-commissioner on the part of […]
Wade-Davis Manifesto in the United States Text of the Manifesto We have read without surprise, but not without indignation, the Proclamation of the President of the 8th of July. . The President, by preventing this bill from becoming a law, holds the electoral votes of the Rebel States at […]
House of Representatives Leadership in the United States U.S. House of Representatives: History of the U.S. House of Representatives: Rise of Strong Leadership Introduction to House of Representatives Leadership In the last quarter of the 19th century, divisions between Republicans and […]
Money in United States Money Definition A representative of value, established by law, and made a legal tender in the payment of debts. 65 N. C. 415. In a strict sense, gold and silver coin. Const. U. S. art. 1, §§ 8, 10. See 44 Tex. 622. In a broader sense, the common medium of […]
Navajo Treaty of 1868 in the United States Text of the Treaty Andrew Johnson, President of the United States of America ALL AND SINGULAR TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, GREETING: General W.T. ShermanWhereas a Treaty was made and concluded at Fort Sumner, in the Territory of New Mexico, […]
Aldrich Plan (1910) in the United States Following the near catastrophic financial disaster of 1907, the movement for banking reform picked up steam among Wall Street bankers, Republicans, and a few eastern Democrats. However, much of the country was still distrustful of bankers and of […]
Townshend Duties in the United States The Townshend Acts In 1767 the English parliament cut the British land tax, and, to balance the budget, Charles Townshend promised that he would tax the Americans to make up the difference. Taking advantage of the distinction the Americans had drawn […]
Banking Regulations in the United States History: State and Private Attempts at Reform During the free banking era of 1837-1863 the federal government divorced itself from almost all attempts to regulate the banking system. Following the demise of the Second Bank of the United States in […]
Boston Teaparty in the United States In 1773, Britain’s East India Company was sitting on large stocks of tea that it could not sell in England. It was on the verge of bankruptcy. In an effort to save it, the government passed the Tea Act of 1773, which gave the company the right to export its […]
John Adams Dix in the United States John Adams Dix (1798-1879), American soldier and political leader, was born at Boscawen, New Hampshire, on the 24th of July 1798. He studied at Phillips Exeter Academy in 1810-1811 and at the College of Montreal in 1811-1812, and as a boy took part in the […]
Restrictive British Policies in the United States Before the Independence of the United States Some measuers and facts include: Navigation Acts (1650s – 1770s): The Navigation Acts were an attempt by Great Britain to regulate and control trade within the British empire. The […]
Whig Party History in the United States History The following information about Whig Party is based on the Cyclopaedia of Political Science, Political Economy, and the Political History of the United States by the Best American and European Writers. It is a continuation of the entry about […]
Theodore Roosevelt’s Broad Powers in the United States Theodore Roosevelt swept into the White House (which he so named) under rather unfortunate circumstances; he had been vice-president under William McKinley, who was assassinated in September, 1901. Theodore Roosevelt (TR) made […]
The Atlantic Charter 1941 August 14 in the United States This charter was signed by Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston S. Churchill. The Text The President of the United States of America and the Prime Minister, Mr. Churchill, representing His Majesty’s Government in the United Kingdom, […]
Juvenile Justice Process in the United States Points of Intervention There are many steps community partners, families, and others can take to positively impact youth both before and after they have come into contact with the juvenile justice system. There are distinct points in the […]
Knights of the Golden Circle in the United States History Knights of the Golden Circle, a semi-military secret society in the United States in the Middle West, 1861-1864, the purpose of which was to bring the Civil War to a close and restore the “Union as it was.” There is some evidence that […]
History of the U.S. State Law in the United States In the early years of the United States, federal courts were not as active or important as state courts. States had jurisdiction (the power to make and enforce laws) over the most important aspects of business life. The power of state law has […]
Chauncey Mitchell Depew in the United States Life and Work Chauncey Mitchell Depew (1834-1928), American lawyer and politician, was born in Peekskill, New York, on the 23rd of April 1834, of a Huguenot family (originally Du Puis or De Puy). He graduated at Yale in 1856, entered politics as […]
Francois Xavier Martin in the United States Francois Xavier Martin (1762-1846), American jurist and author, was born in Marseilles, France, on the 17th of March 1762, of Provençal descent. In 1780 he went to Martinique, and before the close of the American war of Independence went to North […]
Introduction Although Congress made no formal declaration, the issue of the Second Bank of the United States can easily and appropriately be considered a war. The primary players included President Andrew Jackson who fought against the bank and Nicholas Biddle, president of the bank, who […]
Dutch Colonial Immigration in the United States Immigration During the Colonial Period: The Dutch and Swedes Introduction to Dutch Colonial Immigration In the early 17th century settlers from other Western European countries also established themselves on the Atlantic Coast of North […]
William Lloyd Garrison in the United States Garrison, William Lloyd (1805-1879) Introduction According to the Encyclopedia of the American Constitution, William Lloyd Garrison edited America’s leading abolitionist newspaper, The Liberator (1831_1865), and helped found the New England […]
Jefferson Davis Case in the United States Background Jefferson Davis (1808-1889) was president of the Confederate states in the American Civil War. After the surrender of the armies of Lee and Johnston in April 1865, President Davis attempted to make his way, through Georgia, across the […]
Republicanism in the United States Introduction According to the Encyclopedia of the American Constitution, republicanism was the ideology of the american revolution, and as such, it still influences much of what Americans believe; in recent years it has had a renewed importance in […]
Logrolling in the United States Introduction to Logrolling Logrolling, in U.S. political history, the practice of vote trading by legislators. To ensure passage of a bill favorable to one’s constituency, a legislator will offer to vote for a bill favored by another legislator; in return, the […]
Commercial Conventions of 1857–1858 in the United States Commercial Conventions of 1857–1858 and the Slave Final Crisis (1850–1870) In the book The Suppression of the African Slave Trade to the United States of America 1638-1870 (1), W. E. B. Du Bois explained the following: The first piece of […]
American Slave-Trade in the United States Resources See Also Further Reading British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society. Annual and Special Reports. Letter from … in London, to his Friend in America, on the … Slave Trade, etc. New York, 1784. Benjamin Franklin. An Essay on the African […]
Moral Movement in the United States The Moral Movement and the Essentials in the Slavery Struggle In the book The Suppression of the African Slave Trade to the United States of America 1638-1870 (1), W. E. B. Du Bois explained the following: For the solution of this problem there were, roughly […]
Notorious Infractions of the Laws in the United States Notorious Infractions of the Laws and the Slave Final Crisis (1850–1870) In the book The Suppression of the African Slave Trade to the United States of America 1638-1870 (1), W. E. B. Du Bois explained the following: This decade is […]
Imperfect Application of the Laws in the United States Imperfect Application of the Laws and the Rise of the Cotton Kingdom (1820–1851) In the book The Suppression of the African Slave Trade to the United States of America 1638-1870 (1), W. E. B. Du Bois explained the following: In reviewing […]
Louisiana Purchase Treaty in United States Louisiana Purchase Treaty (1803) In this transaction with France, signed on April 30, 1803, the United States purchased 828,000 square miles of land west of the Mississippi River for $15 million (for approximately $11,250,000, according to other […]
Increase of the Slave-Trade in the United States Increase of the Slave-Trade from 1850 to 1860 and the Slave Final Crisis (1850–1870) In the book The Suppression of the African Slave Trade to the United States of America 1638-1870 (1), W. E. B. Du Bois explained the following: The long and […]
Slavery Taxation in the United States Last Attempts at Taxation, 1805–1806 (Toussaint l’Ouverture and Anti-Slavery Effort, 1787–1808) In the book The Suppression of the African Slave Trade to the United States of America 1638-1870 (1), W. E. B. Du Bois explained the following: So alarming did […]
Colonies in the United States The Action of the Colonies (the Period of the Revolution, from 1774) In the book The Suppression of the African Slave Trade to the United States of America 1638-1870 (1), W. E. B. Du Bois explained the following: The earlier and largely abortive attempts to form […]
Economic Movement in the United States The Economic Movement and the Essentials in the Slavery Struggle In the book The Suppression of the African Slave Trade to the United States of America 1638-1870 (1), W. E. B. Du Bois explained the following: Economic measures against the trade were those […]
Socialism in the United States Socialism Socialism in the United States Introduction to Socialism The United States has never had a significant socialist party. The country’s failure to develop such a party has puzzled socialist theorists who wrongly assumed that industrialization would […]
Slavery Debate in the United States The General Debate (the Federal Convention, 1789) In the book The Suppression of the African Slave Trade to the United States of America 1638-1870 (1), W. E. B. Du Bois explained the following: This, of course, referred both to immigrants (migration) and […]
Haytian Revolution in the United States Influence of the Haytian Revolution (Toussaint l’Ouverture and Anti-Slavery Effort, 1787–1808) In the book The Suppression of the African Slave Trade to the United States of America 1638-1870 (1), W. E. B. Du Bois explained the following: The rôle which […]
Activity of the Slave-Trade in the United States Activity of the Slave-Trade (1820–1850) and the Rise of the Cotton Kingdom (1820–1851) In the book The Suppression of the African Slave Trade to the United States of America 1638-1870 (1), W. E. B. Du Bois explained the following: The enhanced […]
Slave-Trade Resolution in the United States Reception of the Slave-Trade Resolution (the Period of the Revolution, from 1774) In the book The Suppression of the African Slave Trade to the United States of America 1638-1870 (1), W. E. B. Du Bois explained the following: The unanimity with which […]
Legislation of the Border States in the United States Legislation of the Border States (Toussaint l’Ouverture and Anti-Slavery Effort, 1787–1808) In the book The Suppression of the African Slave Trade to the United States of America 1638-1870 (1), W. E. B. Du Bois explained the following: The […]
Revolution Reasons in the United States The Slave-Trade and the Association (the Period of the Revolution, from 1774) In the book The Suppression of the African Slave Trade to the United States of America 1638-1870 (1), W. E. B. Du Bois explained the following: At the outbreak of the […]
Dutch Slave-Trade in the United States The Dutch Slave-Trade (the Farming Colonies) In the book The Suppression of the African Slave Trade to the United States of America 1638-1870 (1), W. E. B. Du Bois explained the following: The Dutch seem to have commenced the slave-trade to the American […]
Slavery Special Committee in the United States The Special Committee and the Bargain (the Federal Convention, 1789) In the book The Suppression of the African Slave Trade to the United States of America 1638-1870 (1), W. E. B. Du Bois explained the following: Since the debate had, in the first […]
State Convention in the United States The Appeal to the Convention (the Federal Convention, 1789) In the book The Suppression of the African Slave Trade to the United States of America 1638-1870 (1), W. E. B. Du Bois explained the following: The ensuing debate,15 which lasted only a part of […]
Restrictions in Maryland in the United States Restrictions in Maryland (the Planting Colonies) In the book The Suppression of the African Slave Trade to the United States of America 1638-1870 (1), W. E. B. Du Bois explained the following: Not until the impulse of the Assiento had been felt in […]
Restrictions in North Carolina in the United States Restrictions in North Carolina (the Planting Colonies) In the book The Suppression of the African Slave Trade to the United States of America 1638-1870 (1), W. E. B. Du Bois explained the following: In early times there were few slaves in […]