Russia

Russia in the United States

Czar (in Politics)

Related to political science, the following is a definition of Czar in the U.S. practice of politics: An unofficial title used to refer to high-ranking executive branch appointments. Czars are usually given responsibility for a specific policy area and do not have to be confirmed by the U.S. Senate. They usually have an official title, but are referred to as czars by the media: For example, the Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy is simply known as the drug czar.

Bernard Baruch, appointed by Woodrow Wilson to head the War Industries Board in 1918, was the first to be called a czar. The usage of the term, only one year after the Russian Revolution, was originally derogatory, although it is less so today.

The term czar was used more frequently in reference to appointed executive branch officials under President Franklin D. Roosevelt during World War II. In 1942, the Washington Post reported on the “executive orders creating new czars to control various aspects of our wartime economy.”

Introduction to HELSINKI ACCORDS: (1975)

In the context of the legal history: Aimed at reducing the tension between the Europeans and the Soviets, thirty-five nations signed an agreement that stated they would recognize the borders of Europe that had been established at the end of the Second World War. This agreement, in effect, recognized the Soviet domination of the Baltic States. All the nations agreed to promote personal liberties and respect human rights in their own countries.

Joseph Stalin in the U.S. Legal History

Summary

Soviet premier in the 1930s and 1940s, known for his violent purges of internal political enemies and his suspicion of Western leaders, an ideology guided by two major German invasions into Russia.

Finding the law: Russia in the U.S. Code

A collection of general and permanent laws relating to russia, passed by the United States Congress, are organized by subject matter arrangements in the United States Code (U.S.C.; this label examines russia topics), to make them easy to use (usually, organized by legal areas into Titles, Chapters and Sections). The platform provides introductory material to the U.S. Code, and cross references to case law. View the U.S. Code’s table of contents here.

Resources

In the context of the legal history:

See Also

  • International Treaties
  • Multilateral Treaties

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