Regime of Islands / Enclosed or Semi-Enclosed Seas

Regime of Islands / Enclosed or Semi-Enclosed Seas in the United States

PART VIII
Regime of Islands

Article 121
Regime of islands

1. An island is a naturally formed area of land, surrounded by water, which
is above water at high tide.

2. Except as provided for in paragraph 3, the territorial sea, the
contiguous zone, the exclusive economic zone and the continental shelf of
an island are determined in accordance with the provisions of this
Convention applicable to other land territory.

3. Rocks which cannot sustain human habitation or economic life of their
own shall have no exclusive economic zone or continental shelf.

PART IX
Enclosed or Semi-Enclosed Seas

Article 122
Definition

For the purposes of this Convention, “enclosed or semi-enclosed sea” means
a gulf, basin or sea surrounded by two or more States and connected to
another sea or the ocean by a narrow outlet or consisting entirely or
primarily of the territorial seas and exclusive economic zones of two or
more coastal States.

Article 123
Co-operation of States bordering enclosed
or semi-enclosed seas

States bordering an enclosed or semi-enclosed sea should co-operate with
each other in the exercise of their rights and in the performance of their
duties under this Convention. To this end they shall endeavour, directly or
through an appropriate regional organization:

(a) to co-ordinate the management, conservation, exploration and
exploitation of the living resources of the sea;
(b) to co-ordinate the implementation of their rights and duties with
respect to the protection and preservation of the marine environment;
(c) to co-ordinate their scientific research policies and undertake where
appropriate joint programmes of scientific research in the area;
(d) to invite, as appropriate, other interested States or international
organizations to co-operate with them in furtherance of the
provisions of this article.


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