Racial Profiling in the United States

Resources

See Also

Civil Rights; Drugs and Narcotics; Equal Protection; Fourth Amendment; Terrorism.

Further Reading (Books)

Cole, D. (1999). No equal justice: Race and class in the American criminal justice system. New York, NY: New Press.

Harris, D. (1999). Driving while black: Racial profiling on our nation’s highways. New York, NY: American Civil Liberties Union.

Harris, D. (1999). The stories, the statistics, and the law: Why driving while black matters, Minnesota Law Review, 84 (2), 265-326.

David D. Cole

Further Reading (Articles)

Racial profiling: an issue in Canada?(Human Rights), LawNow; August 1, 2004; Mckay-Panos, Linda

Racial Profiling and the War on Terror: Changing Trends and Perspectives1, Ethnic Studies Review; July 1, 2006; Bah, Abu B.

Defining racial profiling in a post-September 11 world, American Criminal Law Review; July 1, 2003; Ramirez, Deborah A Hoopes, Jennifer Quinlan, Tara Lai

Racial and Ethnic Profiling, Criminal Justice Ethics; January 1, 2007; Kleinig, John

‘End Racial Profiling Act’ goes to Congress, The Tennessee Tribune; March 10, 2004; Weathersby, Ronald

ENDING RACIAL PROFILING IN AMERICA CARDIN’S TESTIMONY BEFORE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE., States News Service; April 17, 2012

Racial profiling victims solicited to testify, Miami Times; July 29, 2003

What’s Wrong with Racial Profiling? Another Look at the Problem, Criminal Justice Ethics; January 1, 2007; Lever, Annabelle

Racial profiling.(FEATURE on Criminal Law), LawNow; June 1, 2005; Olsen, Erin

Jealous: Racial Profiling Must Be Stopped, New Pittsburgh Courier; June 13, 2012; Nuttall, Rebecca

Racial profiling in spotlight after 9/11, Sentinel; January 17, 2002; Aubry, Larry

Sen. Feingold Introduces End Racial Profiling Act, US Fed News Service, Including US State News; December 27, 2007

Rep. Conyers Introduces End Racial Profiling Act, US Fed News Service, Including US State News; December 19, 2007

CARDIN INTRODUCES BILL TO END RACIAL PROFILING BY LAW ENFORCEMENT., States News Service; October 7, 2011

DURBIN CHAIRS HEARING ON RACIAL PROFILING IN AMERICA., States News Service; April 17, 2012

Bill seeks to prevent racial profiling ; State House: The measure also calls for tracking any incidents, although police say the practice is banned., Portland Press Herald (Portland, ME); April 6, 2009; DAVID HENCH By DAVID HENCH Staff Writer

SEN. CARDIN INTRODUCES BILL TO END RACIAL PROFILING BY LAW ENFORCEMENT, US Fed News Service, Including US State News; October 8, 2011

Congress Resumes Efforts to End Racial Profiling, Nation’s Cities Weekly; June 11, 2001; Rigsby, Deborah

Racial Profiling, Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco: Learning About Addictive Behavior; January 1, 2003

The Truth about Racial Profiling, The American Enterprise; September 1, 2001; Wooster, Martin Morse

Racial Profiling: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives in relation to Crime and Race

Racial Profiling: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives is included in the Encyclopedia of Race and Crime (1), beginning with: The concept of racial profiling has surged in recent years as one that seems to drive policy at the state and federal levels. In the study of race and crime, racial profiling refers to the use of an individual’s racial and ethnic characteristics in decisions about participation in crime. Racial profiling is most often associated with traffic stops but also includes profiling illegal immigrants and retail shoppers. The idea of drivers being pulled over or ticketed on the basis of their race and ethnicity has led politicians and civil rights activists to launch campaigns across the United States, to inform the public, particularly minorities, of their apparent vulnerability to this form of institutional racism. This section provides an overview of the history, challenges, and future of racial profiling.

Resources

Notes and References

1. Entry about Racial Profiling: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives in the Encyclopedia of Race and Crime

See Also

Racial Profiling in the Criminal Justice System

This section covers the topics below related with Racial Profiling :

Law Enforcement

Profiling

Resources

See Also

• Law Enforcement
• Profiling