Judgments in the United States

Collecting and Enforcing Judgments Legal Materials

Legal treatises discussing the collection and enforcement of judgments includeCollection Actions – Defending Consumers and Their Assets (National Consumer Law Center) and Judgment Enforcement (Aspen).

If you need to hire a company to locate bank accounts and/or investment accounts and/or collect a judgment for you, try CheckMate Strategic Group, Financial Forensic Services, Inc, Lutz Asset Research (212-760-0242), Source One Equity Ventures (845-724-5908 or 941-727-1894 or 941-751-2737; sourceoneequity@aol.com or westindiessun@aol.com) or a competitor. You can locate other companies through the National Judgment Network.

Foreign Judgments: For information on collecting/enforcing foreign judgments in the U.S., see the US chapter of International Recognition and Enforcement of Money Judgments (Business Laws, Inc.).

Foreign Countries: For information on how to collect U.S. judgments in foreign countries, see:

• Enforcement of Money Judgments Abroad by Lawrence Newman and Philip Weems;
• International Recognition and Enforcement of Money Judgments (Business Laws, Inc.);
• International Litigation: A Guide to Jurisdiction, Practice and Strategy;
• Enforcement of Foreign Judgments (Getting the Deal Through);
• Enforcement of Foreign Judgments (Wolters Kluwer);
• Enforcement of Foreign Judgments Worldwide;The International Chamber of Commerce has drafted Uniform Rules for Collections.

Judgments and the State Laws

Select from the list of U.S. States below for state-specific information on Judgments:

• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Alabama Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Alaska Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Arizona Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Arkansas Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the California Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Colorado Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Connecticut Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Delaware Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Florida Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Georgia Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Hawaii Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Idaho Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Illinois Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Indiana Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Iowa Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Kansas Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Kentucky Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Louisiana Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Maine Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Maryland Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Massachusetts Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Michigan Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Minnesota Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Mississippi Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Missouri Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Montana Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Nebraska Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Nevada Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the New Hampshire Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the New Jersey Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the New Mexico Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the New York Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the North Carolina Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the North Dakota Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Ohio Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Oklahoma Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Oregon Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Pennsylvania Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Rhode Island Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the South Carolina Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the South Dakota Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Tennessee Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Texas Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Utah Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Vermont Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Virginia Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Washington Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the West Virginia Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Wisconsin Portal
• Judgments in the Subject Index of the Wyoming Portal

Enforcement of American Money Judgments

This section examines the Enforcement of American Money Judgments subject in its related phase of trial. In some cases, other key elements related to trials, such as personal injury, business, and criminal litigation, are also addressed.

Judgments (Adversary Proceedings)

This section introduces, discusses and describes the basics of judgments. Then, cross references and a brief overview about Adversary Proceedings is provided. Finally, the subject of Proceedings in relation with judgments is examined. Note that a list of cross references, bibliography and other resources appears at the end of this entry.

Judgments (Adversary Proceedings)

This section introduces, discusses and describes the basics of judgments. Then, cross references and a brief overview about Adversary Proceedings is provided. Finally, the subject of Practice in relation with judgments is examined. Note that a list of cross references, bibliography and other resources appears at the end of this entry.

Judgments (Civil Procedure)

This section introduces, discusses and describes the basics of judgments. Then, cross references and a brief overview about Civil Procedurein relation to judgments is provided. Note that a list of bibliography resources and other aids appears at the end of this entry.

Resources

See Also

Interest Rate on Judgments
Service of Process
Wealth

Further Reading

• Information about Judgments in the Gale Encyclopedia of American Law.

Execution of Judgments in § 1605A FSIA Cases

Generally

According to research about Judgments from the Federal Judicial Center:Under the FSIA, the property of a foreign state (including its agencies and instrumentalities) in the United States is presumptively immune, and the lack (or waiver) of immunity of the state from jurisdiction under the FSIA does not guarantee that a resulting judgment will be enforceable against the foreign state’s assets. This is true because the statute provides broader immunity from execution than from jurisdiction. Under § 1609, even if a valid judgment has been entered, the property of a foreign state (or its agencies and instrumentalities) remains immune and can only be subject to attachment and execution as specifically provided in §§ 1610 and 1611. Accordingly, the burden remains on the judgment creditor to demonstrate that specific property is subject to attachment or execution. Limited discovery may be allowed to aid in the execution of judgments against foreign state property, but only with regard to specific property believed to be subject to attachment. Note: FSIA is the acronym of the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976.

Enforcement of American Money Judgments

This section examines the Enforcement of American Money Judgments subject in its related phase of trial. In some cases, other key elements related to trials, such as personal injury, business, and criminal litigation, are also addressed.

Resources

See Also

Popular Topics related with Judgments

• Arbitration Immunity
• Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act Instrumentality
• Foreign Sovereign Immunity
• Immunities Clause
• Immunities of International Organizations
• Immunity Means
• Immunity Specialized Agencies