Inferior Courts

Inferior Courts in United States

Inferior Courts Definition

By this term are understood all courts except the supreme courts. An inferior court is a court of limited jurisdiction, and it must appear on the face of its proceedings that it has jurisdiction, or its proceedings will be void. 3 Bouv. Inst, note 2529.

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Legal Issue for Attorneys

By this term are understood all courts except the supreme courts. An inferior court is a court of limited jurisdiction, and it must appear on the face of its proceedings that it has jurisdiction, or its proceedings will be void. 3 Bouv. Inst, note 2529.

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This definition of Inferior Courts is based on The Cyclopedic Law Dictionary. This entry needs to be proofread.

Practical Information

Note: Some of this information was last updated in 1982

Judicial tribunals that have limited jurisdiction and powers. The most common inferior courts are justice of the peace courts, small claims courts, and a class of courts whose jurisdiction is confined to violations of city ordinances. Courts of this class are variously called police, magistrate’s, municipal, or recorder’s courts. All inferior courts have a narrow jurisdiction. In criminal matters, they are restricted to preliminary hearings or inquiries except in minor matters. In civil actions, they have jurisdiction over actions involving small amounts only, the amount varying with the state. Inferior courts are usually courts not of record, but their proceedings may be recorded. Sometimes, the judge of an inferior court is not a lawyer. The decisions of these courts are subject to review or correction by higher courts. Actually, circuit and district courts are “inferior” to appellate or supreme courts, but the term is usually applied to the courts not of record described here. See also superior courts (in U.S. law); courts of special jurisdiction (in U.S. law); courts of intermediate review (in U.S. law); american court system (in U.S. law).

(Revised by Ann De Vries)

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